The Earth's surface is constantly reshaped by the movement of tectonic plates, which make up the continental crust on which ...

Sources of rare earth elements are frequently associated with volcanoes, dormant or otherwise. Here on Earth, rare-earth ...

For years, scientists have pondered the mysterious structures deep within the Earth. Research indicates that they are ...

The baryte group also includes the strontium-sulfate mineral celestite. Baryte crystal on matrix from Cerro Huarihuyn, Peru. Strontium is one of the most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust.

These ancient buried "super-continents"—known to scientists as large low-seismic-velocity provinces (LLSVPs)—were found ...

Scientists discovered plate anomalies in Earth's mantle using seismic wave analysis. These mysterious structures challenge ...

Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the earth’s crust but paradoxically it was ... for industrial exploitation of aluminum was a rare mineral called “cryolite.” The co-discoverer of ...

Rather, they are typically found within other minerals, making mining an economic ... and are relatively abundant in the earth's crust. There are other uses for these elements: Yttrium and terbium ...

The Earth's mantle isn't just a hot, dense layer of rock; it's a dynamic and diverse engine driving our planet's geology.

"The occurrence of ringwoodite together with the hydrous phases indicate a wet environment at this boundary," a team of ...

Scientists exploring volcanic crust with underwater robots recently uncovered a completely new ecosystem. This hidden biosphere suggests Earth’s depths hold many more secrets, including ...

Sedimentary rock covers 75-80% of the Earth's crust, and it forms parent materials ... make up the soil parent material (Table 1). Primary minerals form at elevated temperatures from cooling ...